Agriculture! The first occupation of man, it turned the man from nomad to civilized. Anthropology tells us how man developed from the stage of ape. As a primitive, he knows to lead life as a beast. By observing nature, gradually, he learnt every thing. To prevent the pain of cold and heat, he learnt to use animal's skin and leaves, barks etc. from plants & trees to cover his body. To protect themselves from natural dangers and attacks from other animals, he learnt to move as a group. He observed that fire could be produced by friction of stones and the fire could drive the animals from their stay. So he learnt how to use fire for his protection and roasting food i.e. primary stage of cooking. He observed that caves were much protective than the tree branches. He observed that the seeds, which he split after eating the fruits, could turn as trees and plants to yield the fruits again. He observed that water is required to animals and plants also just like himself. So he learnt to construct huts like caves and cultivation of plants beside the rivers. Gradually village civilization and then city civilization raised.
Such that the first occupations of man are hunting of animals and agriculture. Animal hunting was risky but result was instant. Food was immediately available and weapons were available with the remaining of the animal bodies i.e. bones etc. From agriculture, food availability was large. Gradually man learnt to use tools and animals in agriculture; and leading more comfortable life.
Now people are living in cities, towns and villages. In villages, the impact of fashions is less relative to that of cities and towns. Though the villagers know the fashions though electronic media, they feel shy to some extent to follow that fashions. On the other hand, the availability of such fashion goods and fashion foods is also less in village relative to such availability in cities.
That's why villages are in back position regarding fashions relative to cities. In other words, villages are near to the nature and far from artificiality relative to cities. So that feelings and idealistic views are less pollutive in the village people relative to the city people. Village people are like nature flowers. City people are like plastic flowers. The smiles of villages have the fragments of flowers; where as the smiles of cities have the fragments of perfume bottles.
Actually if we observe the history, we can understand that villages are the past of cities. And cities are the future of villages. We can observe this fact as the today's position of some developing countries is the past position of some advanced countries. Such that different societies or different countries are at different stages in physical development. This is the natural phenomena.
But the important fact is regarding spiritual development. Neither physical nor spiritual development of the world can neglect.
With this view, if we study the village life, city style and agriculture in India we can watch the completeness of our soul i.e. Indian soul. Soul means the other form of God only.
Now in villages, the farmers, other people are struggling hard to find the joy, happiness, satisfaction of their lives because they lost that joy, happiness and satisfaction somewhere. In fact, all of we, and the world is in such a situation. We are like a traveler in a desert who is searching for oasis water to drink. We lost the real joy somewhere in our life. We are running after mirages. Because we lost soul by dropping our selves in the heap of money. We lost feelings by dropping ourselves in the competition with others. We lost wetness of heart by dropping ourselves in the busy schedule of day.
Did you hear the sweet singings of birds with a lot of happiness in their faces when the crops are ripe on the fields at the time of thrashing? The birds sing as if they are Vishwa Kavi Gurudev Ravindra Nath Tagore. Did you observe the activeness spread on the fields at the time of green crops in the fields? In each and every bit of the nature, we can observe the love of God. The wind will pet our body so that we can experience the wet touch of God. The smell of green grass, green plants in the field welcome us as our mother welcome us into her lap when we were kids. The green color of the field up to the edge of our sight makes us to feel the protective hugging of God.
No skyscrapers, no flyovers, no busy roads can remind us such nature and natural feelings. To explain this fact, I tell you, a story of phantasy.
అనగా అనగా…………..
Once upon a time, there was a country. It has good water sources as rivers and tanks, good fertile land so that the country was prosperous one and wealthy. People of that country were hard working and sincere.
Days were passing happily. One year, at the time of crops thrashing, two Sister Goddesses, Dhanya lakshmi i.e. Goddess of crops and Dhana Lakshmi i.e. Goddess of money came to visit the country in invisible form. In conversation, they felt competitive with each other in the context of which Goddess is more liked by people. They wanted to find the result practically. They kept heaps of crops and gold coins on the either side of the roads & ways in the country. When people watched these heaps, they ran towards the heaps of gold coins, gathered the coins in bags and carried them to their houses. No body even touched a granule of crops. The Goddess of wealth, Dhana Lakshmi smiled at Dhanya Lakshmi, Goddess of crops with victory.
Dhanya Lakshmi felt sad and left from that country. People didn't notice it. They were dancing with joy by having the heaps of gold coins.
When they hungry, they wanted to cook rice, but these were no edible rice but gold rice. When they looked for water, it was liquid gold. Same case with milk and other drinks. When they looked for fruits and other eatables all were golden.
People were hungry, thirsty and tired some. Finally, they realized their mistake and prayed Goddess Dhanya Lakshmi. As a mother, Goddess excused them and gave food to them. People were happy!
That's the entire story.
I read this story some where in my childhood.
This reminds us the famous song of Bhadra chalam Ramadas, as
"లక్షాధికారులైనా లవణా మన్నము గానీ
బంగారు కణికలు మ్రింగా లేరుగా మంచి
పలుకే బంగార మయేనా కోదండరామ"
That means even millionaires also have to eat salt and rice only, but not golden lumps. This word itself is gold, Sri Rama!
In the famous Telugu Novel "వేయి పడగలు" i.e. thousand hoofs written by Sri Viswanatha Satyanarayana in another famous autobiography "నా జీవన వేదం" i.e. My Life Veda written by Sri Dasarathi Ranga charya, the village life was described in detail. I had little experience with such village life, and a lot of familiarity through reading and listening to elders.
In ancient times, there were no seed companies, no fertilizer companies and no pesticides companies. The farmers themselves and the villagers themselves were all the seed producers, fertilizers producers and pesticide makers.
I'm referring the time of farmers before the robbery of British etc foreigners. In those days, though there were blind believes, superstitions, theft and flood fear, but people had enough wealth to lead comfortable life and to feel satisfaction about life. There were enough and relevant teachers and scholars to motivate the people to think and feel properly as well as to improve their maturity. There were enough and relevant ruling system and religious customs, cultural traditions to keep the people under the control of discipline and sincerity.
Once upon a time, agriculture life means an every day festival. Now the agriculture life means an everyday danger. In past, the farmers used to celebrate or remark every event and every stage of their cultivation. When the monsoon rains start, the farmer's wife used to prepare 'Pongali' and perform Pooja. The farmer's children used to devote the agricultural tools. On the first day, when the ploughing starts in every season, there was a little celebration. When the first crop yields, they used to dedicate it to God. They used to hang the corn at the windows of their houses as food offering to sparrows and other birds. Now almost sparrows are disappeared from our lives. When the thrashing start, they used to devote the bamboo plates i.e. 'Chata' and mortar, as a symbol of yield. When the crop carried to house, the farmers used to offer 'Pongali' i.e. Sweet dish with new rice, jaggery and milk to God in Village Temples. This they perform as a group. There created a limit less spirituality, which can be shared in the group to remind them as "if we distribute material and love among us, it will increase like anything!"
Later, any way they celebrate the harvest festival i.e. Sankranthi. The name of festival will change place to place, but mode and spirit of festival is same everywhere. The coup makers i.e. CIA, ISI, Ramoji Rao and their supporters like Corporate companies had successfully and strategically demolished that network of farmers and they ruined the life style of farmers.
In the villages, the life of farmers was full of occasions and festivals. From childhood, the farmer's children could learn the agriculture. In their student hood, their education was 'Pedda Bala Sikshaw' i.e. 'an elder child education.' In that, they used to learn how to write, how to read, how to account the things, addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division etc. mathematical operations, average, ratio, or interest etc. calculations, the surrounding science, science of time i.e. Panchangam basis of Natural science & Biological science and certain extent of astronomy and astrology. They used to learn how to read and under stand stories, and issues. They used to learn how to read and under stand people, neighbors, people, society and kings or rulers administration. That's enough. Their primary education was completed. After that they used to start some professional education. Naturally, it was their ancestral profession such as profession of their cast. They used to adopt the parents profession such as farmer's son took agriculture, potter's son took pot making and carpenter's son took wood work etc. in fact this was the gradual evolution of profession, possessing by birth of the person i.e. caste, from the situation of profession, possessing by the virtue or character of the person.
The present generation i.e. of 25 to35 years aged of poor farmers, farmer coolies and other poor professionals are like deceived people by both modern and traditional education. Most of the poor farmer coolies and other professionals like fruit venders etc do not know the minimum calculations and multiplications in their trading. This was result of removal of education of 'Peda Bala Sikshaw' from their lives, as well Govt. primary education didn't substitute the place of 'Peda Bala Sikshaw' before 30 to 40 years in past.
Up to 5 years, the kids learn some oral education as devotional poems, rhymes, stories, actions, little arts of folks etc. from the grandparents, parents etc elders. They won't touch pen pencil etc. up to the occasion of "Akshara byasam", that means begging of practice to write letters. So up to 5 years age, they used to enjoy freedom, protection & affection of elders. Then, the kids start their primary education i.e. elder child education 'Peda Bala Sikshaw', at the age of 5+ years. Depends up on the intellectuality, merit or learning capacity of the child, they could complete it within 2 to 3 years, rarely within 5 years. Then their education turns in to epics section; and morals section. They used to under stand the epic stories, philosophy of epics, morals of epics and some important slokams and poem along with Neethi sathakams i.e. moral poems. They used to by hard some poems, idioms etc. This used to make the child to form his personality, wisdom, behavior style and attitude.
By completing this, the children acquire the age of 10 years around. Then depends up on their interest, talent and the capacity and willingness of parents, they used to send higher or special education. If the child had music interest, and if he was supported by parents, he could search for relevant teacher to learn music. By approaching certain music teachers, the child had to pay his service as disciple to learn music from him after completion of education he had to satisfy the teachers with Guru Dakshina i.e. gift to teacher. Same case with literature, logic, mathematics, astrology, painting, sculpture etc, every art. Same case with business and other services like medicine[Ayurvedic] etc. If the child was not interested on any one like above or if the circumstances could not allow him to learn, then they used to start to learn their ancestral profession. They used to learn from their parents and fore parents. But the pity was these opportunities were not available to girls in most cases. Some girls could learn primary education and then all the girls used to practice the house administration or house management or house execution. By eliminating all the negative or bad methods and by modifying them up to our circumstances, if we design our children's education, how nice it will be in the life?
When a farmers' child completed his primary education, their metarnary uncle used to give new cloths to him as Dhoti. There starts their farmer's life festival. The first day when they start to handle the plough, there could be small pooja by the child to the agricultural tools and he used to take the blessings of elders. Same case with a girl when she starts to handle the churning stick. There was a wish of flourishing crops and milk Products behind these festivals. There started the bondage of bullocks and the farmer younger boys. There was a religious, cultural, or traditional touch to devote all the tools, animals which were useful in their profession. On every Vijay Dasami, Ganapathi Chaturdhi, Kanuma of Sankranthi, Nagula Chavithi and Nagula Panchami the villagers used to devote their agricultural equipments, bullocks, cows etc. all animals and including snakes, which help them by killing rats, the destroyers of crops. In fact, all Indians i.e. Hindus have this tradition to treat all of their equipments & tools as weapons and devote them, as well as trees, plants and animals. And this was criticized, ridiculed and made mockery on it until all the people feel inferior and shame to practice such tradition by spying. The media and other so-called intellectuals like Ranga Nayakamma etc. talented professionals i.e. writers and others and some spying agents had played this strategy successfully. One happy thing is now, the youth is feeling proud to practice these ancestral traditions and treating them as our in heritage assets.
In agriculture, the co-operation of animals was must for the farmers. To kill the rats in the fields snakes were needful and in house cats were needful. To protect from the snakes, dogs were needful. To plough the fields, to carry the crops, bullocks and buffaloes were needful. To have milk, cows, she-buffaloes and goats were needful. To plough with oxen, it was tedious, time taking process. By the tractors we can plough the fields with more efficiency and fast. To run the tractors, we need petroleum products for which we have to dig and hallow the earth. And in exchange, tractors are warming the earth, filling the smoke in the atmosphere. In the case of oxen, their fuel was only grass, they filled earth with their dung and fertile the soil. More over they love human beings and to do work with such talk less animals with co-ordination, we could enjoy the nature and divine love, and we could experience the real joy of working. Here I'm not opposing the usage of machinery in agriculture. I know its advantages. I know that if we didn't adopt mechanization, there will be the deficiency of food to this high population of the world. But I'm referring the divine love of animals that how much we are missing by the way how much distance we moved from the nature. Though we use tractors and bikes, for the sake of experience of affection and touch with native, why don't we maintain the bullocks and horses, at least in minimum probability?
When I was 7 years old, I had gone to my grandfather's house in a village. They were farmers in the village. There I had observed village life which had strong influence on me as per my memories. When our vehicle entered in to the village by crossing a small bridge on a water flow i.e. small stream, the servant of my grandfather noticed us. When we reached their house, immediately he followed there to attend his master's guest. He didn't wait for the call from his master. That was villager's sincerity towards their work. In return they used to take crops at the time of Sankranthi festival, after thrashing. Same case with every other service in those villages such as washer of clothes, tailor, doctor, barber etc. As per my father's and mother's information regarding their childhood, the services of all above tailor, weaver etc. throughout the year, they used to enjoy and the payment was through crops after thrashing at the time of Sankranti festival. At the time of festivals of crops i.e. Sankranthi from farmer's houses, all other professional people could get their shares against their services to the farmers through out the year. This barter system could keep the people beyond the pollution of money. Because, there was no immediate result or income, their relations were beyond the limits of money and with in the boundaries of co-operation, and bondage. At the time of crops sharing, the bamboo go downs in front of houses of every villager would filled with grains which were more than sufficient for their food all through the year. Such that the socialism was under current in the life style of Indians villages. At the time of crops sharing, the other professionals i.e. service oriented of the village and artists like Hari Kadhakulu, Poojaries, dancers, musicians, Haridasas etc used to praise the farmers as Annadata, that means donor of food. This made the farmers to feel satisfaction and proud regarding their profession and motivate them towards more commitment of cultivation. The scholars, intellectuals used to bless them, which had served the same purpose. As well the farmers used to praise the co-operation of other service people. It leads them to improve their unity in life. If any in-satisfactions in work, in-services, the entire corrections also would take place at that time. Totally, every body should have broad mind and work mind. The service oriented people used to refer the farmer as "You are the kings and able to harvest the crops. You should be broad while sharing the crops towards our service." With such delicate restriction, the farmers used to think as "who were there to govern the other villagers and without their service, how could we cultivate the fields? Their service was ours and our crops were liable to them."
Where are such feelings in villagers and farmers now? I'm not saying that people should not have self respect. And this is not the matter of self-respect. This is the matter of bondage, co-operation, co-ordination, unity, affection and mutual respects. Whatever the professions, whatever the money and service exchanges, instead of barter system among different sections of people, are there such affections, respects and harmony in the society now? Though we develop in to modern systems, mechanical systems, why should we drop out our natural human characteristics, feeling etc.? Can't we manage the development and humanity in parallel?
In this context, I refer you one of my childhood experience which thrilled me like any thing. When I was 7 years old, I visited my grandfather's house in a village. There my uncle i.e. co-brother to my father who was doing agriculture looked like a hero to me. I felt wonder when I watch him while he was dealing with oxen, ploughs, driving the bullock carts and folk dancing at the temple, every night after dinner. Being kid, I was fascinated towards the life of a farmer.
Every day, he used to go to the fields early in the morning after having buttermilk and rice with lime pickle and onion. My grandfather had two pairs of bullocks. Persons and animals used to work together. Any way in summer and seasonal non working gaps, they used to take rest. So during work urgency situations they used to manage the work with limited rest. In this position, my uncle was working continuously for one weak without taking proper rest and he was making his oxen to work with him. In this busy work schedule, one-day morning, one bullock out of 4 had reluctant to go to the field. Though he pets it and beat it, it didn't moved and even didn't stand up. Simply it lay on the floor. When my uncle was forcing it to move with him to the field, my grandfather told him "son. Leave it. May it felt restless? Let it take rest for to day." Then my uncle tied it in the shed and fed it. He had driven the remaining bullocks to the field to work. Next day also the bullock repeated its reluctant behavior. They called on the veterinary doctor, examined it physically, and observed its movements of taking feed, breath etc. Within 2 days observation they concluded that the bullock was healthy, but showing laziness to work. My grand father told my uncle to keep the bullock on fasting. They didn't give food and water to it for two days. I felt that it was so cruel to that animal. But to my surprise on the 3rd day, early in the morning the bullock was voluntarily ready to go to the field, it moved towards the plough, and giving symbolic cries which could be under stand by his master. With its behavior my uncle and grandfather, all other family members laughed at it. They fed it. And pet it. While my uncle was massaging its body, after feeding it with fodder and water, it was rubbing its throat as my uncle's back and licking his hands to express its affection, guilty and repentance. It was very clear to express its feeling in body language. When my uncle, grandfather and grandmother were analyzing its behavior, I felt it as a wonder. That day I was accompanied with my uncle to the field. On the way, in the fields, and while working I watched the bullocks enthusiasm, sharpness and work ability. Both my uncle and the bullock enjoyed the working together and co-ordinance in working. The
Co-farmers had remarked this and congratulated my uncle regarding his handlings of work and the animal. I noticed a satisfaction, a bit of proud with achievement in work in my uncle's face. I thrilled about such feeling and expression in my uncle's face & I determined to experience such achievement in my career, whatever it is, in my life.
May the so-called 'animal protective societies' argue that the above treatment towards the ox was obstruct able. Because these societies have obstructions on cinemas, which shoot horse riding or dogs bark. In such case, how any one can produce historical movies in which the only conveyances are horses and epic movies in which chariot wars are must, we don't know. Recently I read about the pseudo kind of these societies on animals. One of such society seezed a pet bear of a beggar's family, which show small feet's on road. They sent the bear to zoo and filed case against the poor beggar's family. They shown mercy and kindness on the animal and forgotten the same on poor people, as well they forgotten the psychological problem of the animal in the zoo. Since years, it was habituated to certain life style with the nomad family. And it had certain bondage with those family members. The society didn't consider all of this, only they were particular about their publicity and sensation. If they were sincere towards the spirits of their society i.e. humanity or kindness to animals etc. ambitions of their society, they should have to think about the life food of that poor family. By leaving their co-human beings to hunger death, what was the love and affection that they could show on other animals and birds? In this opinion, Sri Swami Vivekananda supports me and you can refer it in his writings, "Letters to his disciple".
And one more thing I can tell you that such pseudo societies have no minimum touch regarding love and affection of animals. That's why only they were not able to understand that how much grief that the pet animal could experience when it was departed from his master. This I can say with practical experience. Because, since my child hood my family had cows, buffalos, dogs, cats, hens, lovebirds, and pigeons as pets, and few months I had a tortoise and a squirrel as pets.
I refer this, to explain the pseudo practice of some of the societies, but I'm not saying that all of the voluntary societies are practicing pseudo-ism. By leaving this discussion here, I'm turning again to the topic of farmer life.
If we watch the life style in the villages, though it is polluted now a days due to cable & satellite T.V. and movies, still we can watch the country beauty & style in some senior villagers i.e. old generation. We can watch such good hobbits early to bed and early to get up in them. Minimum 2 hours before going to bed, they take dinner. After dinner they walk up to the village temple to participate in Rama Bhajana or to hear Rama Kadha, or at least to have a leisure take with co-villagers.
With the help of writings and talks of our elders, I could imagine such a beautiful society in which there is no time tension, busy tension and working in leisure. As per my father's description of their childhood village life, I could imagine such a village. In those villages after completing the primary education, when the youth enter in to agriculture, there will be the comparison in their capabilities and in ability of working and competition in their performance. When tilling the field, who ever can plough it with efficiency and whose tilling lines in the field are straight and in systematic way, who ever can handle the oxen with a command can be treated as heroes. To create pseudo results there won't be any certificates issued by computers or educational boards. Or to create pseudo heroic image, there won't be any media etc. The only judge is the nature. By yielding good quantity and quality of crops, they have to prove their success. By commanding the oxen, they have to prove their capacity. While performing tilling etc. agriculture works, they take food in the fields with regular time intervals. Under the shades of trees on the banks of the fields, by breathing the odocurs of green plants, after emitting the sweat in hard working, within the food break, with real hunger, how much joy will be there, can we imagine? That to taking food together, will be every day picnic to them neither indigestion nor obesity problems, they experience. Particularly Telugu meals consist of hot pickle, thick curd, dal and ghee, what else we require.
Now what is our position? By going office in car because of busy schedule, we are losing the opportunity to do physical industry. The result is obesity. To reduce excess weight in body i.e. fat in body, we go to gym. It is a burden to adjust time to it. By distributing our time to all this, again we can't find out it to prepare food. Hence we depend on out side food i.e. on Hotels or bakeries. Again obesity, again no time, again gym, again run to office, again, again… this is our life circle.
Relative to this, a leisure walk to fields with singing folk songs or asleep on bullock cart to approach the fields, though hard work in hot son, a charming food, especially restriction less i.e. the freedom in taking food such as food with ghee or sweats, that to home food, to work in leisure, to have peaceful sleep, sound sleep - such a life cycle is not a heaven?
In the night, all the women and old generation will settle in front of the village temple. Some days there will be some divine stories i.e. epics. Some days there will be youth folk dances; such as Kolatamu, Tappeta gullu, Chekka Bhajana etc. The young men stand in circles, the co-coordinator will be in the centre, singing folk songs, with rhythmic beat, the young men move in the circle with systematic and rhythmic steps and making music. The villagers used to call this as 'chindu'. From childhood itself, the grandparents motivate the children as petting learning by saying "Kid! Do jump re! Do dance like your uncle or father." So that the kids get fascinate towards such healthy and joyful habit. It involved talent, health, joy and togetherness, belongingness, with the society. Whoever perform the chindu i.e. dance in beautiful manner will treat as heroes. It is a reputation in village. All young girls admire them. Old generation congratulate them. There will be talent tests such as stick play i.e. Karra samu, weight carrying to long distances, handling of ferocious oxen etc. which relates to their profession only. It is prestigious matters to prove their abilities in those tests for young boys. Similarly it is prestigious to girls to prove their talent in house managements in cooking dishes, in handling the deals with relatives, in gardening, in milch cattle managements, interior decoration of house, rangoli etc arts. They must get appreciation from elders for their work performance, behavior and obedience to elders. Boys must be get appreciation from elders for their work efficiency, capacity, behavior, dare and respects others. Both the young men and young women are used to correct by their parents by saying that "There will be a remark if they performance is not well in their mother in law's house after marriage. If they get bad remark, it will be treated as a failure to their parents".
After marriage, the girl will go to their mother in laws house to lead the life till end. There she should get success with her ability of handling the house, support to husband, service to the elders, relatives and guest and bringing up children in perfect manner. After marriage the boy will go to their mother-in-law's house for 40 days as a part of tradition which is called as "Allem". There they should get success with his ability of handling the heavy weight for long distances, ferocious oxen and they should show talents in cultivation, recognition of good seeds to saw for next season etc in perfect manner.
Such that their talents and abilities were their education, and traditions were the parameters of their educations i.e. similar to the now-a-days exams, But unlike now-a-days education and exams system, those day's education and exam system was completely related to their profession i.e. agriculture and hence it could improve their comfortableity in life in both physical and psychological matter. Their Ph.D. or specialization in professional knowledge could acquire in practical.
Such that the children i.e. both girls and boys learn the art of life style from their elder generations practically, same case with every other professional. What is our position now? There are institutes to teach communicational skills, art of living by collecting large amounts, as fees. Are the communicational skills, and art of living different from the life? In our ancient society or in our ancient culture, this was learnt by people with the air of stories. All of our arts relates to the stories. The story telling and story listening will make the children perfect in learning communication skills, human values and art of living. This is my practical experience, and with 100% confidence, I can tell you, that you also can have 100% success from your children, if you make them to read, to listen and to tell stories. But the stories of epics and morals but not crime stories etc. which are on T.V. media now.
The life style of those days, used to make the children to learn how to behave as a child in the family, as a disciple to the teacher, as a friend to the other children, as a neighbor to surrounding people, as a villager to the village authorities etc. By showing Sri Rama or Dharma Raja, the elders used to demo the children to behave in righteous manner, So that they used to become a perfect family member. If a person who failed to execute his duties as a family member, then how such person could become as a good society member or country citizen?
If the villages are in such a manner which is discussed in the above, then we can say that the farmer is the spine of country and village is the base of country. Other wise those words are only in the speeches of politicians but not in practice.
There are some idioms in Telugu "నోటితో పిలిచి నొసటితో వెక్కిరించినట్లు చేశారు", that means: if one says so favor with words but does in-favor in works, this idiom will be used to describe. With similar usage: శల్య సారధ్యం, this means: if one seems to work positive to us but not really doing it, this can be used. With similar usage: వట్టి విస్తరి మంచినీళ్ళు, the meaning is if one says so many words as if they are doing so much favor to us but not giving any thing. It is just like giving empty plate i.e. without food except water.
The government policies towards agriculture are like the above idioms only. There is a spying strategy behind this, and by knowingly or unknowingly entire administration and politicians followed it. Ultimately the farmer descended from Anna data position i.e. donor of food to the position of 'Dyanam' i.e. pity, or to the position of 'Annagrahitha i.e. accepter of food.'
In those days, though there were crude methods in agriculture, but not cheatful methods. There was no possibility of cheating because there were no corporate seed companies, corporate fertilizers and pesticides.
The farmers themselves used to prepare all those. There are no belt shops of liquor to addict the farmers. The grip of elders & traditions could control their addiction and on the occasions of festivals etc. could provide opportunity to them to enjoy it. So there were limitations to enjoy the liquor and leisure. If they cross the limits, the society could control the individuals with the help of traditions, culture and religious believes. In those days, since beginning, with tilling the field, the farmer must guard their fields and crops as if they were small babies. During the growing of crops, each and every part of the field and plants are noticed by the farmer. So that they could identify which plants were strong enough and giving more yield, so that from which plants seeds could be collected for the next sowing. Such seeds were used to distribute among the friendly farmers. That satisfied their seed needs. It depends up on their patience and ability. Hence, there was no choice of cheating. But now the extreme of cheating is terminate seeds. We are noticing the cheat on farmers every year with corporate seeds such as plants grow very strong without single corn.
In case of fertilizer, they prepare it themselves with dung of animals dry and row grass and waste bio materials in the back yard of their houses which were very good manures to their fields. The farmer's family women used to keep milch cattle, hens etc. and hence they were in charge persons of such manure heaps. Beside these, the excreta of herds of sheep and goats fulfill their needs. In summer, when there were no crops in the fields, the herds of cows were used to keep in the fields. With their dung and urine, the soil gets fertility and immunity towards diseases.
Regarding pesticides, they depend up on the natural products i.e. bio products such as neem oil, neem cake, turmeric, chili powder etc. At present, there are some villages, which proved these methods as successful methods and safest methods. I'm not saying that we have to travel back into the ancient times. I want to say is that by adopting the good and safe methods of ancient times, by modifying them into modern times and needs, by reducing the chemicals use up to safe proportions, we can design appropriate agricultural system.
Such agricultural system must have to be defined with limits in the usage of chemicals, natural bio products, machines & animals.
Once upon a time, the farmer was with self-respect. He used to feel satisfaction and proud as he was filling the bellies of people. The profession of agriculture was treated as individual and respectable one. The farmer could feel as he could earn food independently and could feed the people. They used to feel, as "We are the people who are growing crops. If we say no to poor or while giving grains to poor if we are miser, how they can live?" And the poor and other service professional people also used to treat the farmer as equivalent to king, so used to call him as 'Ryot Maharaja' that means 'Farmer king'.
But now what is the position of the farmers? In all angles, there is distress. Maximum members of the farmers are in the pitiable position. The life of maximum portion of farmers filled with slavery feelings, miseries and narrowness. This is quite natural. When they are in flourished condition, they will be with independent feelings, donor nature and broadness. When they are living in poverty, when their profession getting losses continuously, when their hard working is getting robbery by commission agents, government employees and politicians, how can they be 'Ryot Maharaja' i.e. 'farmer king?'
The limitless exploitation of commission agents, government employees and politicians made the farmer as corpse. Take example of tomato or onion or rice or some other crop. When the consumer goes to market to purchase tomato its price is not less than 8 Rs. /kg. And may rise up to 22Rs. But the market yard or commission business people pay it 25 paisa per kg. to farmer, or maximum 50 paisa per kg, sometimes the farmers are leaving the crop on the fields because of loss. They are not getting their investment even. The price of the crop is not sufficient to the wages of coolies to pluck the tomatos from plants, same case to other crops. In case of rice, we are watching the high political drama of support price by all political parties at time of approaching elections. I don't know what the farmers feel when they hear the speeches of politicians, in which there is no sincerity. In words, there will be so much of affection on farmers. But in working there will be so much of self profit with each and every politician. This is the proved fact. Each and every political party, each and every individual politician is running to fetch money because they need money to purchase spying supports to construct and to continue their carriers. That's why they are not able to think the welfare of farmers, off course not only about the farmers, not about any section of public and not about the welfare of nation. This is the current situation. Because of such, need only, the politicians who ever in government i.e. in power are sucking money in all corruptive methods. This is applicable to all parties to all politicians in 100%. This brought the farmers from feeder position to beggar position.
This is the present situation of politics vs. agriculture. The previous stages of this situation & the strategy of such stages are quite interesting.
Naturally, among people different psychologies are there. Since centuries, there are cities, towns and villages. Due to environments, availability of facilities, their life style had developed. People in cities are improved with fast life style. People in villages are improved with slow life style. The tuning of public had taken place, since decades, is just like slow poison in un-noticeable and in in-blamable presses such that city people to feel superior while village people to feel inferior. The public tuning is through media of print, cinema and electronic. In fact, the tuning of public is natural phenomena in society in every country at any time, to keep the people to live with co-operation and co-ordination. In India, in ancient times, all of the art forms, religious believes, traditions, culture and epics had done such tuning of public in such a way to feel the public sincere, truthful and obedience. Actually, there are good and bad people everywhere, at all times irrespective of modern and ancient. Hence, the life style of ancient Indian was polluted with illogic, selfish, egoistic believes and traditions. I'll discus about this under the caption of life style of Indians and coup on it. Here I'm going to narrate about the agricultural field only.
So I return to the tuning of public by media in the place of tuning of public by religious and traditional arts such that city people varies from the village people. This tuning made the urban people to use lose tongue and to tease others without the particularity of hurting others, treating that teasing is just for the sake of fun, saying easygoing etc.
If you watch now even, the village people would express more respects towards, educated people, show more obedience towards learned people and elders, and show more regards towards women relative to the city people. If we observe the events records of 1970 to 1992, we can observe that how much the city culture had criticized & ridiculed the village innocence and we can't identify the address of accomplishment in the behavior of city youth of that time. If you observe that generation i.e. the youth of 1970 to 1992, May they are at the age of 35 to 55 years, definitely you will agree with me in case of accomplishment of that generation. Maximum proportion of that generation in whichever profession and position are there now, they won't show accomplishment except selfishness. The ratio of immorality, corruption in them can demonstrate this to us.
The welcomable news is the present youth i.e. boys and girls of age 15 to 25 years are not like the above. They are quite well in term of sincerity, hard working behavior, logic sense and knowledge thrust. The reason and strategy behind this you can understand.
The village life, the farmer life became miserable with political fractions. In fact, under the factionism, the robbery of rich politicians is there. But the news media followed divide and rule policy which was popularized by British but adopted from Kanika Neethi of Maha Bharatam to expose the truths of factionism. The news media, print media i.e. stories in weeklies and monthlies had given the picture of factionism as political egos, psychological complexes of leaders, revenge feelings of villagers. But the fact is there is crime, robbery of wealth by exploiting the emotions of villagers behind the factionism. This was first time exposed in recent movie 'Yagnam' of Telugu. In fact the recent movies are showing the life style of farmers in attractive manner, for example in Murari, Santhosham etc.etc. Up to 1992, all the movies were confined around love, sex, and revenge. That's all! Within these 15 years i.e. after 1992, gradually the issues regarding the capacities of farmers, talents of farmers like getting high yield etc. are drawing attraction in News. In fact, before 1992, the village News was only regarding grudges and revenges.
Strategically, villages were degraded and cities were high lighted. The life in the villages was dragged to poverty, in-facility while the life in the cities was enlightened with attractions. So many arguments and discussions were made to prevent the migrations from villages to cities. But the all of the efforts were confined to words and talks only, not implemented into action, so that there was no development in the village's situations. Only the benefit extracted by such discussions and arguments to prevent the migrations from villages to cities was to draw attentions of entire public on it, to popularize the issue of migration up to the depths of villages. So that poor villagers who were not having the idea of migration to cities also started to think about it. That was the only purpose served by the discussions and arguments. In fact, the strategy and spying behind such debates was to get propaganda, publicity and popularity of the migrations issue. That's why only concentration was on debates only but not on real efforts to prevent the migrations. Because to destruct the village was, the coup makers target. Later cities could destruct easily, because of over population.
Through folk arts and village elders, some intellectuals afforded to prevent the migrations, but their effort was not sufficient when compare to the strategy and coup. In this context, I refer you a popular old Telugu cinema song i.e. from Thodikodellu: as an example to you and to entertain you.
SONG:
He:
మూటా ముల్లె గట్టు!
She:
ఎక్కడికి?
He:
తింటానికి తిండి చాలదే జాంగిరి
ఉంటానికి ఇల్లు చాలదే
బస్తీకి పోదాము పైసా చేదాము రావే నారంగసాని
She:
టౌను పక్క కెళ్ళద్దురో డింగరి
డాంబికాలు కొట్టుద్దురో
టౌను పక్కకెళ్ళావంటే డౌనుడౌనై పోతావే రబ్బీ నారంగన్న సామి
He:
రిక్షాలు తొక్కుకుంటా
చిల్లరంతా ఏరుకుంటా
సినిమాలు చూసుకుంటా
షికార్లు కొడదామ్ పిల్లా
జలసా చేద్దాము
బస్తీకి పోదాము పైసా చేదాము రావే నారంగసాని
She:
కూలి దొరకదు, నాలి దొరకదు
గొంతు తడుపున కొన నీరు దొరకదు
రేయిపగళ్ళు రిక్షా లాగినా
అద్దెకు పోను ఆణా మిగలదు
గడప గడపకూ కడుపు పట్టుకోని
ఆకలాకలని అంగలార్చినా
గేట్లు మూసి కొట్టేస్తారు.కుక్కలనే ఉసిగొల్పిస్తారు.
He:
చాల్లే!
She:
టౌను పక్క కెళ్ళద్దురో డింగరి
టౌను పక్కకెళ్ళావంటే డౌనుడౌనై పోతావే రబ్బీ నారంగన్న సామి
He:
ప్యాక్టరీలలో పని సులువంట
గంటై పోతే ఇంట్లో ఉంటా
వారం వారం బట్వాడంట
అరే ఒరే అనవీల్లేదంటా. కాఫీ తోటే గడపోచ్చంటా కబుర్లు చెపుకు బతకొచ్చంట.
She:
అట్టాగా
He:
చూడ చిత్రమంటొ పిల్లా చౌద్యమౌతందట
బస్తీకి పోదాము పైసా చేదాము రావే నారంగసాని
She:
పిప్పయి పోయె పిచ్చి ఖర్చులు
పోకిరి మూకలు సావాసాలు
చీట్ల పేకలు, సిగసిగపట్లు
ఇరుకు సందులో మురుగు వాసనలు
అంటు రోగుము తగిలి చచ్చినా
అవతలకిడ్చే దిక్కె ఉండదు
He:
ఆః
She:
టౌను పక్క కెళ్ళద్దురో డింగరి
టౌను పక్కకెళ్ళావంటే డౌనుడౌనై పోతావే రబ్బీ నారంగన్న సామి
He:
ఏలికేస్తె నువు కాలికెస్తావు
ఎనక్కి రమ్మని గోల చేస్తావు
ఏదారంటే గోదారంటావు
బస్తీకి నేపోను నీతో ఉంటానే రాణి నారంగసాని
గొడ్డు గోదా చూసుకొందాం
కోళ్ళు మేకా పెంచుకుందాం
She:
పిల్లాజెల్లా చూసుకొందాం
కూరానారా పెంచుకుందాం
కలొగంజో తాగిపడుందాం
Both:
టౌను పక్క కెళ్ళద్దండో బాబు
డాంబికాలు పోవద్దండోయి
టౌను పక్కకెళ్ళావంటే డౌనుడౌనై పోతారండోయి తందాన్న తన
The meaning of this song is as follows,
He: Pack the things to travel
She: To where?
He: We have no enough food to eat.
We have no enough houses to live.
Let's go to town and earn money.
Come my darling, my sweet and my queen.
She: Don't go to town my dear.
Don't feel ostentation.
If go town, you get down, down.
Oh, man my dear Boss.
He: I will work hard, I'll pull rickshaw
I'll collect the coins i.e. money
And by watching movies
By making shires
We can enjoy the life.
Let's go to town and earn money.
Come my darling, my queen.
She: We can't get any work, any wages
We can't get even water to drink.
If you pull rickshaw day and night,
Nothing remained after deducting its rent.
If we beg food at door to door
By showing empty stomach
People close the gates and try to beat us.
They drive out us by dogs.
He: It's enough!
She: Don't go to town my dear
Don't feel ostentation
If you go to town, you get down, down
On man my dear Boss.
He: The work in factories is easy
When ever the work schedule completes, I'll be at house.
Wages per each week
No body will call us as Ray i.e. by silly names
We can lead time by having coffee.
We can lead life by chatting.
She: Is it?
He: There are so many wonders.
There are so many attractions,
Let's go to town and earn money
Come my darling! My queen.
She: There will be waste investments,
There will be bad friend ships,
Playing gambling, disputes
Drinking, chatting, street fights,
Narrow Street, drainage smells
If we die by contagious disease, nobody will cremate our dead bodies.
He: Oh!
She: Don't go to town my dear………
He: If I say yes, you say no and vice versa
You force me to come back.
You troubling me and convincing me
I won't go to town and I'll be with you
My dear my queen
We will keep milch cattle.
We will protect chicken and goats.
She: Let us take care of children
Let us grow vegetable plants
Let us live by having available food.
Both: Don't go to town, men
Don't feel ostentation
If you go to town, you get down, down.
Oh! People!
That's all the song. I hope that you enjoyed it. Our Telugu people enjoyed the song along with beautiful dance of E.V. Saroja and a male dancer; sorry I don't know his name. Any way that is the issue of migration. Still the problem is there in villages as well the problem of hectic population in cities.
More over the green fields are giving to special Economical zones by governments, and you can think about the strategy behind this. The present economical system in India and the present governments either in states or in centre are making the villages to disappear. The government employees whatever the departments, all are swallowing the agriculture and villagers. The village people, who lost their houses & fields due to the construction of hydro projects on rivers, didn't get compensation since decades of years. Some of them got madness because of such deceive from government includes contractors, employees and politicians. Now let us think. Can we locate where the morality and humanity in this country?
One more fact I want to project to you; In villages, all the women including young and old, work in houses and as well as in fields. They work in milch cattle farms and in all works of agriculture; all through the season along with men. Are they not working women? Then why socialists and the media expose that the job holding women are only working women and their problems are only working women problems. Such extra projections create agonies among the different sections of people.
In fact the beauty is in the working style of human beings. The real beauty is in the work posture; and in achievement of goal; but not in the body of a cine heroin in bikini, or in Vamp dancer in half-nude costumes.
Here I'm not considering the agriculture policies, and packages. I'm questioning the result and revolutions of agricultural policies and packages. Can't the administration staff of government i.e. IAS and other bureaucrats, can't the policy's designers, can't the government rulers i.e. politicians, M.L.A, M.P. and Ministers know the result of their activities and reactions? Can't they identify what they are doing to farmers and agriculture, good or harm?
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